Hvar - Geschichte
Sightseeing near Hvar
Latitude
43° 10’ 25.1” NLongitude
16° 26’ 25.8” EDescription
The town of Hvar has a long history as a trade and cultural
center. It was an important naval base with the fortress and the
city walls around the port.
In Hvar is one of the oldest preserved theaters in Europe from
1612.The 700 year old city walls are preserved and also many noble
houses and public buildings from the 15th-17th centuries.
The Illyrians had the earliest settlement with the present town
square. The cathedral is surrounded by streets according to Roman
(i.e. quatric) arrangement. In the place of today's fortress
"Spanjola" stood a mountain fortress.
In 384 BC the Greeks founded the settlement of Faros, in the
northwest of the island, from there they could control the fertile,
agricultural area - today's Stari Grad and the Stari Grad plains
(UNESCO World Heritage).
With the arrival of the Romans in the 2nd century BC, colonization
took place in the countryside with Roman estates (villae rusticae).
In the 7th - 8th century the Slavs came to the island. At that time
life on the coast was unsafe due to pirate raids and people moved
to the mountains. Therefore, in 1278 the inhabitants placed
themselves under the protection of the Republic of Venice. With
this agreement, the southern settlement of Hvar was expanded and
consolidated as a safe base for the Venetian fleet.
As a new administrative center, the town was given the Venetian
name "Lesina" (Hvar) and the ancient Greek town was renamed
Cittavecchia (Stari Grad - Old Town). The Venetians built a new
fortress, city walls and public buildings - with the prosperity
from the salt and trade, villages were also built along the
coast.
The 16th century was a return to troubled times with conflicts
between nobles and citizens and attacks from the Ottomans who
occupied the mainland. In 1571, ships from Hvar on their way to the
Battle of Lepanto were attacked by the Turkish fleet and only the
fortress saved the townspeople.
In 1776, the Venetians moved their naval base to Kotor on the
mainland. In 1797, after a short French period,
Austria-Habsburg came to power at the beginning of the 19th
century, with an economic and cultural boom for the city. In 1868,
"The Hygienic Association of Hvar" was founded to promote the
development of tourist services.
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